Endocrine Abstracts

Hypothalamic neuropeptides as biomarkers for water-electrolyte disturbances. Introduction Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition characterized by excretion of large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) is caused by the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine in response to vasopressin.Aim: The aim of our case report is to present the patient with NDI and to report the data on physiological changes in hy...

Introduction: Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare condition characterized by excretion of large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst due to deficiency or renal resistance of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). DI is often difficult to diagnose reliably and accurately, especially in patients with partial DI.Aim: The aim of our case report is to present the patient with partial diabetes insipidus and to report the results of water deprivation and hypertonic ...

Introduction: Transnasal adenomectomy is the main treatment for various pituitary adenomas. The hypothalamic-pituitary region is the site of synthesis and secretion of several hormones that have a direct effect on sodium-water metabolism, which leads to its frequent violation with the development of central diabetes insipidus and severe transient hyponatremia, the latter of which is the second most important cause of rehospitalization in the postoperative period. Currently, th...

Introduction: The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is characterized by hypotonic and euvolemic hyponatremia along with urinary hyperosmolarity, resulting from antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release in the absence of adequate stimuli.Case report: A 59-year-old woman, presented with complaints of constant thirst, general weakness, memory loss, episodes accompanied by headaches, leg cramps, increased blood pressure. From the a...

Introduction: Today simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPKT) is an effective method of treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and terminal stage of diabetic nephropathy (DN) on renal replacement therapy by hemodialysis. It solves several problems: reduces the severity of intoxication syndrome, contributes to the achievement of euglycemia in most cases, that allows to delay progression of micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications. Case Descr...

Introduction: According to recent studies, fluid and electrolyte disturbances complicate the course of transnasal adenomectomy for pituitary adenomas in 13–30% of cases and are associated with a high risk of neurological complications and increased mortality. Neuropeptides discovered in recent decades (apelin, copeptin, oxytocin, brain natriuretic peptide) in many studies demonstrate their significant effect on the regulation of water-electrolyte metabolism, which makes t...

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 has caused a global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is known that this virus binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) of the renin-angiotensin system, which may exert substantial effects on sodium and potassium metabolism. Viral pneumonia and respiratory distress are well known etiologies for hyponatremia due to syndrome of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, and can worsen clinical course of the d...